Iraqi Sikh Temple

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24/12/1982 EVYC BGDAD sEHR EVYC GORo NANK DQV JI DI yAD EVYC UOSERWa GORogR . kr|Q EDkAeI DQ RHQ HN SZ: BLEV^DR ES^g (52) GORogR WTQ ENsAN SAEHB joLDQ EVkAeI DQ RHQ HN .

bgLdfd ivc sRI gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf dI Xfd ivc iek gurduafrf bixaf hoieaf hY. ies bfry iswK jgq nUM pihlI vfrI dUjI ivsLv jMg smyN AudoN pqf lwgf jdoN iswK PLOjI bgLdfd phuMcy sn. ies nUM gurU nfnk dI srF vI afiKaf jFdf hY. gurU jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf qy ies gurduafry dy ieiqhfsk ipCokV sbMDI jfxkfrI dy rhy hn-pRIq mohn isSG afhlUvflIaf. bgLdfd gmn iPir bfbf gieaf bgdfd no bfhir jfie kIaf asQfnf. iek bfbf akfl rUpu dUjf rbfbI mrdfnf. idqI bFig invfij kir sMuin smfin hoaf jhfnf. sMun mSuin ngrI BeI dyiK pIr Bieaf hYrfnf. vyKY iDafnu lgfie kir ieku PkIru vzf msqfnf. puiCaf iPirkY dsqgIr kAux PkIru ikskfGirhfnf? nfnk kil ivic afieaf rbu PkIru ieko pihcfnf. Driq afkfs chuids jfnf] 35] -(BfeI gurdfs dI pihlI vfr ivcoN) 1931 dy bgLdfd dy nksLy ivc gurU nfnk sfihb dI srF dI siQqI drsfeI geI hY. ieh itgirs ndI qoN iek mIl swjy pfsy aqy bgLdfd rylvy stysLn qoN zyZ mIl dwKx vfly pfsy do rylvy lfeInF dy ivckfr siQq hY. ies dy Auqr-dwKx vwl iek purfxf aqy ivsLfl kbirsqfn hY jo jubYdf KfqUm dy ksby nfl lwgdf hY. ies dy pUrb vfly pfsy 118¿55 Puwt df iek sLfndfr Bvn hY jo msLhUr XfhUdI sMq nbI AuWlf AUsLf dI Xfd ivc bxfieaf igaf hY. Auqr-pUrb vfly pfsy sLyK iebrfihm dI srF hY. ieh mSinaf jFdf hY ik bgLdfd ivc rihx dOrfn vwzI igxqI ivc lok gurU nfnk sfihb dy sLrDflU bx gey sn, ijnHF ivc sLyK bihlol dfnf aqy sLyK mhI-AuWd-dIn-abdul kfidr ijLlfnI dy AuWqraiDkfrI vI sLfiml sn. gurU nfnk dI srF df sfhmxf pfsf drsfAuNdI qsvIr dsMbr, 1931 ivc iKwcI geI sI. ijs QVHy ‘qy gurU nfnk dyv jI bYTy sn, Aus ‘qy arbI BfsLf ivc iliKaf Xfd icMnH lwgf hY. ies dy dwKx vfly pfsy bihlol df mkbrf hY. iek hor mkbrf mwD ivc hY aqy iek 7¿4 Puwt df QVHf vI mOjUd hY. bihlol dy mkbry dy sfhmxy iek Cotf ijhf bgIcf (27 Puwt 5 ieSc¿12 Puwt 5 ieSc) bixaf hoieaf hY, ijs dy duafly sMudr vfV hY. ivhVy ivc qUq aqy KjUr dy kuJ drwKq vI mOjUd hn. bgLdfd ivc gurU nfnk sfihb sLihr dy bfhrvfr iek kbirsqfn ivc Tihry sn. BfeI mrdfnf AunHF dy nfl sn. vwzy qVky phu Puwtx qoN pihlF mrdfny ny rbfb vjfieaf aqy gurU sfihb ny pRmfqmf dI anMqqf bfry sLbd piVHaf. AunHF ny ‘pqflf pqfl lK agfsf agfs’ vflf sLbd Aucfiraf ijs df Bfv sI ik pRmfqmf vwloN lwKF pqfl aqy lwKF akfsL isrjy gey hn. jdoN kuJ muslmfnF ny ieh sLbd suixaf aqy ies dy mqlb nUM smiJaf qF AunHF ny ies nUM afpxy Drm dI inMdf mSinaf ikAuNik kurfn ivc 7 DrqIaF aqy 7 akfsLF df hI ijLkr hY. AunHF ny iekwTy ho ky ies dI isLkfieq pIr dsqgIr abduwl kfidr ijLlfnI dI srF dy ‘sjLfdfnsLIn’ nUM ies dI isLkfieq kIqI. pIr ny gurU sfihb nUM pwQr mfr-mfr ky mOq dy Gft Auqfrn df hukm idwqf. lok hwQF ivc pwQr lY ky gurU nfnk sfihb dy duafly jf iekwTy hoey. Eny icr nUM gurU nfnk sfihb ny afpxI svyr dI pUjf KLqm kridaF ‘siq krqfr’ df sLbd Aucfiraf. ies avfjL df cmqkfrI pRBfv ipaf aqy lokF dy hwQF ivcoN pwQr KLud-b-KLud hyTF izwg pey. ies mOky iek pIr, ijs df nFa bihlol sI awgy afieaf aqy gurU nfnk sfihb nfl sLbd dy ivsLy bfry ivcfr-vtFdrf krn lwgf. pIr dy nfl Aus df puwqr vI sI. gurU nfnk dIaF gwlF df aijhf asr hoieaf ik pihlF pIr df puwqr aqy iPr pIr Kud gurU nfnk sfihb dI scfeI dy kfiel ho gey aqy ieh mSn gey ik Aus srb-sLkqImfn dI isrjnf 7 DrqIaF aqy 7 akfsLF qwk sImq nhIN hY. gurU nfnk bgLdfd ivc cfr mhIny rhy aqy AunHF ny AuQoN dy keI hor pIrF-PkIrF nfl vI ivcfr-vtFdry kIqy. bgLdfd qoN afAux vyly gurU sfihb nUM iek colf Byt kIqf igaf. ijs ‘qy arbI BfsLf ivc afieqF ilKIaF hoeIaF sn. ieh colf ajy vI pfiksqfn ivc zyrf bfbf nfnk dy gurduafry ivc sFiBaf hoieaf hY. pihlI vwzI jMg vyly jdoN brqfnvI aqy BfrqI POjF ny bgLdfd ‘qy kbjLf kr ilaf qF AunHF ny Aus QF df pqf lgfieaf ijQy gurU nfnk sfihb ny sLyK bihlol nfl ivcfr-vtFdfr kIqf sI. ieh sLihr dy pwCm vfly pfsy purfxy kbirsqfn aqy bgLdfd-smfrf rylvy lfeIn dy ivckfr siQq sI. kbirsqfn qoN Auqr vfly pfsy aqy rylvy lfeIn qoN dwKx vfly pfsy. zf: ikRpfl isSG, jo AudoN BfrqI POj dI zfktrI syvf ivc kYptn sn, ny vI ieh QF jMg dOrfn vyKI sI aqy AunHF ny 15 akqUbr, 1918 ivc ilKy gey iek pwqr ivc ies df ijLkr hyT ilKy anusfr kIqf sI : ‘ieh sfdf ijhI njLr afAux vflI iemfrq hY aqy iswKF qoN ibnF hor bhuq Gwt lok ies qoN jfxU hn. kuJ arb lokF vwloN ies nUM sLyK bihlol dy mkbry vjoN vI jfixaf jFdf hY. iemfrq ivc dfKl hox leI iek Cotf ijhf drvfjLf hY, ies drvfjLy dy Auqly pfsy arbI ivc kuJ iliKaf hoieaf hY. srsrI iDafn mfiraF ieh njLr nhIN afAuNdf aqy ghu nfl vyiKaF vI ies nUM pVHn ivc musLikl afAuNdI hY. mYN ies nUM pVH nhIN sikaf ies krky mYN ies df vyrvf nhIN dy skdf. iemfrq aSdr dfKl huMidaF sfhmxy pwkIaF iewtF df iek rsqf hY, jo swjy pfsy vwl vDidaF iek kmry qwk jFdf hY, ijQy mkbrf aqy AuWcf QVHf mOjUd hY. ies dy ivhVy ivc kuJ drwKq hn, ieh drwKq ijLafdf krky anfrF dy hn. mkbry aqy QVHy vfly kmry ijs dy do drvfjLy hn, ijnHF ivcoN iek KuwlHf hY qy dUjy ‘qy sIKF lwgIaF hoeIaF hn. kmry ivc dfKl huMidaF hI sfhmxy QVHf njLr afAuNdf hY jo do-ZfeI Puwt AuWcf hY, ies dI lMbfeI-cOVfeI 3¿4 Puwt hY. ieh iswKF vwloN Byt kIqy gey vwK-vwK rMgF dy rumfilaF nfl Zwikaf hoieaf hY. kmry dy mwD ivc dIvfr dy nyVy gurU nfnk sfihb dI qsvIr mOjUd hY jo iksy sLrDflU iswK vwloN Byt kIqI geI hY. qsvIr dy AuWqy dIvfr ivc iek islH lwgI hoeI hY ijs ‘qy kuJ Aukiraf hoieaf hY.’ gurU nfnk sfihb dI srF df nksLf ieh drsfAuNdf hY ik cfrdIvfrI vflI ies iemfrq df drvfjLf dwKx-pUrbI nuwkr ‘qy siQq hY. ies srF dI lMbfeI-cOVfeI pUrb aqy pwCm vwl 54 Puwt 4 ieSc AuWqr vwl 54 Puwt 6 ieSc aqy dwKx vwl 56 Puwt 7 ieSc hY. ijs QVHy ‘qy gurU nfnk sfihb bYTy sn, Auh AuWqr pUrb vflI nuwkr ivc hY ijs ‘qy iek Xfd icMnH lwgf hoieaf hY. ies Xfd icMnH ‘qy arbI BfsLf ivc kuJ sLbd ilKy hoey hn. bihlol dfnf df mkbrf pwCm vfly pfsy hY. iek hor mkbrf iemfrq dy mwD ivc hY aqy 7¿4 Puwt df iek QVHf pUrb vfly pfsy hY. dIvfr ivc AuWqr vfly pfsy jLmIn qoN 4 Puwt dI AucfeI ‘qy iek islH lwgI hoeI hY. ies islH df afkfr 21¿15 ieSc hY. bgLdfd dy lok pfxI leI itgirs diraf ‘qy hI inrBr krdy sn ikAuNik bgLdfd dy KUhF df pfxI Kfrf sI. ikhf jFdf hY ik gurU sfihb dy sLrDflU aqy hor lok iekwTy ho ky gurU sfihb kol afey aqy AunHF nUM pfxI sbMDI afpxI musLikl dwsidaF Aus nUM dUr krn dI bynqI kIqI. gurU nfnk sfihb ny dwKx-pUrb vfly kony ivc iek KUh Kudvfieaf, ijs df pfxI imwTf inkilaf. hux qwk vI ieh bgLdfd df ieko-iek KUh hY ijs df pfxI imwTf hY. ieh KUh qkrIbn 21 Puwt cOVf hY aqy ies dI AusfrI dI imqI 917 ihjrI ilKI hoeI hY. ies KUh aqy ies dy afly-duafly dI murMmq 1942 ivc muhMmd bygL dy puwqr kfsm pfsLf bygL-bfsLI ny krvfeI. 1931 ivc pwQr dI iek AukrI hoeI islH imlI. ies dI imxqI 21 Puwt 14 ieSc hY. 1920 ivc iemfrq dy Zih jfx kfrn ies dy Aukry hoey sLbdF nUM vI kuJ nuksfn phuMicaf sI. ies islH ‘qy ilKI iebfrq df Bfv ieh inkldf hY ik, ‘pivwqr aqy srbAuWc qfkq vwloN iewCf pUrI kIqI geI, bfby nfnk dI iemfrq 7 aOqfqF (mhfn vlI) dI shfieqf nfl nvyN isirAuN bxfeI geI. pRmfqmf (bfbf nfnk) ny murfd pUrI kridaF 917 ihjrI ivc ieQoN nvyN pfxI df Puhfrf cflU kIqf. (917 ihjrI 1511 ey[ zI[ aqy 1568 ibkrmI bxdI hY) ies srF dy ieScfrj ny s: krqfr isSG krqfr (jo bgLdfd dI sYNtrl iswK kmytI dy pRDfn rhy hn) nUM dwisaf sI ik Aus kol iek arbI hwQ ilKq mOjUd sI ijs ivc gurU nfnk sfihb dI Xfqrf df vyrvf sI pr bdiksmqI nfl ieh 1920 ivc corI ho geI. Ausy sfl sLyK abduwl kfidr ijLlfnI dI srF dy pUrb vfly pfsy siQq dIvfr ivcoN iek islH hor vI imlI sI ijs dI iebfrq gurU nfnk sfihb dI Xfqrf nfl sMbMiDq sI. ies nUM keI lokF vwloN vyiKaf igaf sI pr ieh 1926 ivc dIvfr dy Zih jfx kfrn guafc geI. bihlol dfnf dy mkbry aqy nfl lwgdIaF iemfrqF dI hflq mfVI sI pr 1120 ihjrI ivc kfism pfsLf ny afpxy hwQIN mkbry dI muV AusfrI krvfeI. gurU nfnk sfihb dI srF dI Cwq aqy vrFzf vI Zih igaf sI. 6 agsq, 1932 nUM bgLdfd dI sYNtrl iswK kmytI dy AudoN dy pRDfn s: krqfr isSG krqfr ny s: mnjIq isSG nUM iek pwqr ilK ky dwisaf sI ik, ‘iswK srF nUM muV bxfAuxf cfhuMdy sn, sYNtrl iswK kmytI ny EkfPL ivBfg kol srF dI murMmq leI bynqI kIqI sI pr ies df koeI jvfb nhIN imilaf. iPr sYNtrl iswK kmytI ny ierfk dy hfeI kimsLnr nUM 1931 ivc iek hor arjLI ByjI ijs bfry mYnUM kfPI BrosyXog sUqr qoN pqf lwgf hY ik Auh mnjLUr ho geI hY aqy kmytI dy Krc ‘qy murMmq krn dI mnjLUrI dyx df PYslf ho cuwkf hY.’ 1 PrvrI, 1952 nUM s: krqfr isSG ny mnjIq isSG nUM iek hor icwTI ilKidaF ikhf ik, ‘bgLdfd dI iswK kmytI gurU nfnk sfihb dI srF nUM CyqI qoN CyqI bxfAux dI KLfihsLmSd sI. pr ies mksd leI srkfr koloN mnjLUrI lYxI sOKf kMm nhIN sI. aijhIaF sfrIaF iemfrqF EkfPL mSqrfly dy kMtrol hyT hn aqy jLrUrI murMmq krn leI ies mSqrfly dI mnjLUrI byhwd jLrUrI hY. afiKr ierfk srkfr ny idafnqdfrI idKfAuNidaF 1934 ivc afigaf dy idwqI aqy murMmq df kMm mukMml kr ilaf hY.’ ‘iemfrq dI murMmq krn dy nfl-nfl bihlol dfnf dy mkbry dy sfhmxy iek kmrf hor bxf idwqf igaf. ieh bVy mfx vflI gwl hY ik ierfk dy iswK BfeIcfry ny gurU nfnk sfihb, ijnHF nUM arbIaF vwloN bfbf nfnk jF ihSdU pIr vjoN jfixaf jFdf hY, dI srF dI murMmq leI sLfndfr ZMg nfl kMm kIqf.’ ‘mYN ierfk qoN 1932 ivc prq afieaf sI. mYN ies mfmly ivc bhuq rucI rwKdf sF, ies leI mYN bgLdfd dI sYNtrl iswK kmytI nUM keI vfrI ieh iliKaf ik Auh ies kMm nUM CyqI qoN CyqI nypry cfVHy. afiKr 1934 ivc mYnUM ieh KusLKbrI imlI ik gurU nfnk sfihb dI srF dI murMmq df kMm mukMml ho igaf hY.’ not-ieh lyK iswK spYktrm zft kfm nFa dI vYb sfeIt qoN DMnvfd sihq ilaf igaf hY aqy lyKk ny ies leI pSjfb, pfst aYNz pRYjLYNt, dI iswK irvIAU (ilKq mnjIq isSG) aqy hor keI pusqkF qoN smwgrI hfsl kIqI hY.

gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf dy kuJ nvyN pwK-2
svfmI anMd afcfrIaf dI Koj

pRo: kulrfj isSG rsfldfr suMdr isSG qoN s: KjLfn isSG nUM imlI sUcnf aqy srdfr jI vwloN sYNtrl iswK kmytI bgLdfd nfl icwTI-pwqr krn dy ivckfr iek hor bVI mhwqvpUrn Gtnf vfpr geI. sMn 1919 ivc iek pRkfsLk sMsQf mYkimlnjL vwloN svfmI anMd afcfrIaf dIaF kivqfvF df iek sMgRih ‘sno brzjL’ (Snow Birds) pRkfisLq hoieaf. ies sMgRih dI iek kivqf df nFa sI : bgLdfd sLihr dy bfhr iek Drm-asQfn ivc 912 ihjrI dI iek arbI ilKq pVHn AuprMq[[[[. sfzy ivsLy nfl ivsLysL sbMD rwKdI ies kivqf df pUrf pfT ies qrHF hY[[[ Bfrq dy pUjnIk sMqF dy isrmOr E gurU nfnk! pwQr dI ies sfDfrn ijhI isl Auqy kdI qusIN bYTy sI aqy sMsfr nUM BrfqrI pRym aqy dYvI nUr df sunyhf idwqf sI. swqF smSudrF dy somy ‘coN ikhVf gIq qusIN gfieaf ik ierfn dysL dI afqmf mSqr-mugD ho geI! ihmflIaf dIaF ikhVIaF iekFq kMdrF aqy jMglF dI imwtI qusIN bgLdfd dy aSgUrI bfgLF aqy gulfb dy bgIicaF nUM bKsLI! bdrInfQ dIaF brPLfnI cotIaF dI ikhVI rOsLnI quhfzy ichry ‘qy cmkdI sI ik afp dy ierfnI murId bihlol df idl nUro-nUr ho igaf! curfsI rfqF bihlol afp dy jIvn-dfqf bol suxdf irhf swc df rfh puwCdf irhf aqy afp dy AupdysL df sdIvI csLmf vihSdf irhf, cMd dI itwkI Gfh-Bry kbrsqfn dy nyVy anfrF dy bUitaF ivc kdI vDdI, kdI GtdI rhI! jdoN qusIN afpxy ipafry dysL Bfrq nUM muV afey, bihlol ivcfrf ipCy rih igaf, kihSdy hn, Pyr Aus PLkIr ny iksy nfl bol sFJf nhIN kIqf nf hI iksy dI afvfjL nUM suixaf cfhy Auh mnuwK hovy jF PirsLqf! bihlol df nF dUr nyVy PYl igaf bfdsLfh sLrDf dy Puwl Byt krn afieaf pr ies PkIr nUM nf dunIafvI KjLfinaF dI cfh sI nf hI sLfhF qy drbfrIaF dI qfrIPL dI! isafl dy swT mOsm gujLr gey afpxI iekFq, sLrDf aqy ivcfr ivc zuwbf bihlol Aus isl dy sfhmxy bYTf irhf ijs Auqy afp dy pivwqr crn kdI itky sn! ies aigafn-lok nUM iqafgx qoN pihlF Aus ny ies isl Auqy ieh sLbd ilK idwqy : ‘‘iewQy ihSdU pIr gurU nfnk ny PkIr bihlol nUM AupdysL idwqf aqy gurU dy ierfn qoN qur jfx ipCoN swT isafl bihlol dI rUh gurU dy sLbd Auqy hI itkI rhI, ijvyN subHf iKVy gulfb dy Puwl Auqy mDU-mwKI bYTI huMdI hY. afcfrIaf dI bgLdfd PyrI dI qfrIK zbilAU[ aYc[ mYkilAuz df ivcfr hY ik bihlol dfnf dy mkbry dIaF kMDF ivc lwgIaF hoeIaF pwQr-qKqIaF nUM ijvyN kuJ dhfikaF qoN gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf dy inrxeI sbUq vjoN mSinaf jf irhf hY, AunHF nUM ies qrHF prvfn nhIN kIqf jf skdf ikAuNik pwQr-qKqI Auqy ilKy hoey cfr-quky dI dUjI sqr ivc sLbd ‘bfbf nfnk’ spwsLt rUp ivc nhIN pVHy jFdy aqy ijs swjx ny gurU nfnk PyrI dy ies sbUq nUM sfry pwKF qoN ivcfiraf hY, Aus dI rfey anusfr sRI anMd afcfrIaf ny 1916 ivc bgLdfd dI Xfqrf kIqI sI. (mkilAuz ricq pusqk : gurU nfnk aYNz iswK irlIjn, pS: 130) pr Ausy pSny Auqy Auh iek Puwt-not ivc ieh gwl mSndy hn ik sMBv hY ik anMd afcfrIaf ny pwQr-qKqI dI sbMiDq ilKq 1916 qoN pihlF ikqy dyKI hovy. ieh gwl AuWkf shI nhIN jfpdI ik anMd afcfrIaf 1916 ivc bgLdfd gey sn. qurkI dysL pihlI sMsfr jMg ivc jrmnI dy pwK ivc nvMbr 1914 ivc sLfml hoieaf. Aus smyN ierfk, qurkI df iek sUbf sI. brqfnIaf ny ierfk nUM ijwqx dI muihSm ‘qy BfrqI PLOj ByjI aqy ies PLOj ny mfrc 1917 ivc ierfk nUM ijwq ilaf. pr ies ijwq dy bfvjUd ierfk nUM mukMml qOr ‘qy aDIn krn leI 1918 qwk muihSm cldI rhI. ies df arQ hY ik ierfk dI DrqI Auqy nvMbr 1914 qoN lY ky 1918 qwk jMg jfrI rhI. ies leI ieh gwl AuWkf sMBv nhIN jfpdI ik iek gulfm dysL Bfrq dy iek sfDU nUM ierfk dI sYr krn dI afigaf idwqI geI hovy, jd ik Aus smyN ierfk ivc QF-QF JVpF ho rhIaF sn. nf hI Auh ivakqI ijs dI ikqfb 1919 ivc mYkimlnjL pRkfsLk ny CfpI hovy, 1916 ivc qurkI rfj df mihmfn ho skdf hY. ies siQqI qoN iehI nqIjf inkldf hY ik svfmI anMd afcfrIaf ny afpxI ijs Xfqrf ivc pwQr dI isl vflI ilKq vyKI sI, AunHF ny Auh Xfqrf nvMbr 1914 qoN pihlF kIqI hovy. ies df arQ hY ik svfmI anMd afcfrIaf ny Auh ilKq, bgLdfd ivc iswK ispfhIaF dy dfKl hox qoN pihlF dyK leI sI. ies hflq ivc ieh gwl afKI jf skdI hY ik pwQr-isl dI Auh ilKq (jF ilKqF) ijnHF nUM gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd PyrI df sbUq mSinaf jFdf hY, vwK-vwK do suqMqr gvfhF ny dyKIaF sn. iek anMd afcfrIaf ny aqy dUjy iswK ispfhIaF ny. pr svfmI anMd afcfrIaf nUM ieh pwQr-isl lwBI ikvyN? ies df ieko-iek sMBv sroq iehI ho skdf hY ik svfmI jI nUM kuJ sQfnk lokF ny dwisaf hovy ik nfnk nFa df iek BfrqI sfDU kdI bgLdfd afieaf sI. ies df mqlb hY ik sMn 1914 qoN pihlF vI bgLdfd ivc ieh rvfieq pRcilq sI ik gurU nfnk ies sLihr ivc afey sn. sQfnk rvfieq sQfnk rvfieq dI hoNd anMd afcfrIaf dI Aus vfrqf ivc sfhmxy afAuNdI hY jo AunHF ny afpxI kivqf ivc gurU nfnk dy bgLdfd-invfsI murId bihlol bfry ilKI hY ik bihlol gurU nfnk dy ijLMdgI-bKsL bol suxdf irhf[[[[[ aqy swc df rfh puwCdf irhf[[[[ gurU nfnk dy sdIvI bolF df pRvfh awT pSdrvfVy cldf irhf. [[[[[ik bihlol df nFa dUr-nyVy pRiswD ho igaf.[[[[[[[Aus ny sLfh vwloN pysL KjLfny lYx qoN ienkfr kr idwqf aqy Auh gurU nfnk dI crn-Cuh nfl pivwqr hoeI isl dy sfhmxy isafl dy swT mOsm, sLrDf ivc srsLfr, ivcfrsLIl qy iekwlf bYTf irhf. pwQr dI iswl Auqy qurkI BfsLf ivc iliKaf cfr-qukf ieh vfrqf ibafn nhIN krdf. ies leI anMd afcfrIaf ny jF qF kuJ hor islF dyKIaF hoxgIaF ijnHF Auqy ies qrHF dI kQf ilKI hovygI jF ies qrHF dI kQf-vfrqf bgLdfd dy iksy bMdy ny AunHF nUM suxfeI hovygI. ieh dovyN gwlF gurU nfnk dI bgLdfd-Xfqrf dI gvfhI BrdIaF hn. not krn vflI gwl ieh hY ik afpxy anuafeIaF dy pRBfv vfly dysL (Bfrq) qoN hjLfrF mIl dUr jy iek gLYr-muslmfn sfDU bfry sQfnk lokF ivc koeI rvfieq pRcilq hY qF jLrUr hI ieh iek vfsqivk Xfqrf dy afDfr ‘qy pRcilq hoeI hovygI. bgLdfd vrgI QF ivc iek rvfieq nUM ijLMdf rwKxf bhuq afsfn hY, ijQy Drm-asQfnF dI sFB-sMBfl ipAu qoN puwqr vwl, pIVHI-dr-pIVHI, atuwt lVI ivc cwldI rihSdI hY. (cldf) aSgryjLI qoN anuvfd :

gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf dy kuJ nvyN pwK-3
s: krqfr isSG krqfr dI Koj

hux asIN s: KjLfn isSG dIaF AunHF icwTIaF vwl prqdy hF, ijhVIaF AunHF ny sYNtrl iswK kmytI bgLdfd nUM kuJ suaflF dy AuWqr lYx leI ilKIaF sn. s: krqfr isSG krqfr jdoN Bfrq afey qF AunHF ny s: KjLfn isSG nUM 5 meI, 1931 nUM bVy ivsQfr nfl icwTI ilKI. s: krqfr isSG bgLdfd ivc Bfrq srkfr dy lok inrmfx ivBfg dy srvyKx Bfg ivc kMm krdy sn. AunHF dI Auprokq icwTI vfsqivkqf, qwQF pRqI sfvDfnI aqy jjLbfq ivc nf-vihx dy pwKoN Kfs aihmIaq rwKdI hY. ieh icwTI s: krqfr isSG dI vDIaf jfxkfrI dI vI gvfhI BrdI hY. Auh spwsLt rUp ivc ieh mSndy hn ik AunHF nUM ajy qwk arbI BfsLf dI koeI aijhI pusqk nhIN imlI, ijs ivc gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf df vrnx hovy. Auh s: KjLfn isSG dy ies inrxy dI vI pRoVHqf nhIN kr skdy ik ierfk dy ijnHF lokF nUM splI (Suplis) ikhf jFdf hY aqy jo lMmy vfl aqy dfhVIaF rwKdy hn, Auh gurU nfnk dy pYrokfr hn. Pyr vI ies icwTI ivc Auh kihSdy hn ik AunHF nUM kuJ muslmfn mujfvrF qoN arbI BfsLf dIaF QoVHIaF ijhIaF kivqfvF imlIaF hn. AunHF ny ieh kivqfvF anuvfd leI ByjIaF hoeIaF hn. ieSj jfpdf hY ik s: KjLfn isSG nUM bfad ivc bihlol dfnf dy mkbry dIaF aqy ies dIaF kMDF ivc jVIaF pwQr-qKqIaF AuWqy AukrIaF ilKqF dIaF PotoaF aqy AunHF arbI kivqfvF dIaF PotostYt nklF iml geIaF sn, jo s: krqfr isSG ny arbI mujfvrF qoN iekwqr kIqIaF sn. s: KjLfn isSG nUM ieh sfrIaF cIjLF aqy kfiv-ilKqF qy kMD-ilKqF dy qrjmy sYNtrl iswK kmytI bgLdfd ny Byjy sn. ieh sfrI jfxkfrI iek lyK ivc vrqI geI hY, jo s: KjLfn isSG dy poqry s: mnjIq isSG ny AunHF dy axCpy lyKF ivcoN lwiBaf hY. s: KjLfn isSG dy kfgjL-pwqrF ‘coN ieh vI pqf lgdf hY ik bihlol dfnf dy mkbry df Auh ihwsf ijs ivc gurU nfnk dyv jI dI Xfdgfr hY aqy jo iesy kfrn gurU nfnk asQfn khfAuNdf hY, murMmq ibnF bhuq mfVI hflq ivc sI, ijs dI murMmq sYNtr iswK kmytI bgLdfd ny 1934 ivc krf idwqI sI. gurU nfnk asQfn, pwCmI bgLdfd rylvy stysLn dy AuWqr-pwCm ivc zyZ mIl dy Pfsly ‘qy siQq hY. ieh asQfn iek vwzy kbrsqfn dy iknfry hY, ijs dy nyVy-nyVy hor vI keI Dfrimk asQfn hn, ijvyN jLubYdf KfqUn, hjLrq junYd, mfrUPL krKI aqy iek XhUdI sMq nbI-Aul-AusLf dy asQfn. s: krqfr isSG dI gvfhI df mhwqv iek Kfs XQfriQk sur ivc s: krqfr isSG kihSdy hn ik ‘suixaf igaf hY ik ieQy ivdmfn iek KUh gurU nfnk dyv jI dy vyly df hY.’ Auh s: KjLfn isSG dy ies pRBfv ivc vI soD krnf cfhMudy hn ik gurU nfnk dyv bgLdfd ivc lgpg do sfl rhy sn. s: krqfr isSG ilKdy hn ik ‘ieSj jfpdf hY ik bgLdfd ivc phMucx qoN bfad ieQy gurU nfnk lgpg do sfl nhIN rhy. Auh ieQy kyvl iqMn-cfr mhIny hI rhy sn.’ s: krqfr isSG ny afpxI icwTI ivc ijho ijhy afpxy ivcfr ilKy hn, AunHF nUM pVH ky pfTk dy mn ivc koeI sLwk-sLuBf nhIN rih jFdf ik Aus ny afpxI icwTI ivc ijMnI jfxkfrI ilKI hY, Auh sfrI bgLdfd dy sroqF qoN hfsl kIqI hY. AunHF dI icwTI qoN ieho ijhf koeI afBfs nhIN hMudf ik Auh kfhlI ivc iksy nqIjy ‘qy phMucxf cfhMudy hn jF ies Koj dI KusLI mnfAux leI kfhly hn. ies dy Ault AunHF ny AunHF nukiqaF bfry afpxf idl-idmfg KwulHf rwiKaf hoieaf hY, ijnHF dI Auh Koj-pVqfl kr rhy hn. arbI BfsLf dIaF ilKqF jo AunHF nUM mujfvrF qoN imlIaF hn, AunHF bfry Auh ilKdy hn, ‘arbI BfsLf ivc mujfvrF qoN QoVHI igxqI ivc kivqfvF imlIaF. ienHF nUM mYN anuvfd krfAux leI Byijaf hY. jdoN ienHF kivqfvF df anuvfd ho igaf aqy ies anuvfd ivcoN koeI sUh-surfg imilaf qF sYNtrl iswK kmytI jF afp df ieh inrmfx syvfdfr afp nUM jLrUr sUicq krygf.’ iek arbI hwQ-ilKq jo guafc geI s: krqfr isSG dI icwTI df sB qoN rOick Bfg iek arbI hwQ-ilKq bfry hY, ijs ivc kihSdy hn ik gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd PyrI aqy ieQoN dy PkIrF nfl hoey AunHF dy vfrqflfp df ibrqFq iliKaf hoieaf sI. ‘ijhVy mujfvr bihlol dfnf dy mkbry dI dyK-Bfl krdy hn, AunHF df kihxf hY ik AunHF pfs arbI dI iek hwQ-ilKq ikqfb hMudI sI, ijs ivc gurU jI dI bgLdfd Xfqrf aqy ieQoN dy PkIrF nfl AunHF dI gwlbfq df vyrvf drj sI pr sfzI bdiksmqI nUM ieh hwQ-ilKq ikqfb 1920 eI: ivc iksy ny corI kr leI.’ ilKqI irkfrz QoVHIaF bhuq arbI kivqfvF, ijnHF df ijLkr s: krqfr isSG ny afpxI icwTI ivc kIqf sI aqy bgLdfd dy mfihrF qoN krvfey gey AunHF dy qrjmy s: KjLfn isSG nUM Byj idwqy gey sn aqy AunHF nUM srdfr jI ny afpxy Aus lyK ivc ‘musilm sroqF qoN imlIaF ilKqF’ kih ky vriqaf sI, srdfr jI df ieh lyK akqUbr, 1969 dy ‘iswK rIivAU’ ivc Cipaf sI. ienHF ilKqF ivc ‘nfnk PkIr’ bfry rukndIn nFa dy iek PkIr df ibafn hY. ies ibafn df rsflf ‘iswK rIivAU’ ny suqMqr qOr ‘qy afp qrjmf krvfieaf sI. ies ilKq ivcoN gurU nfnk df jo srUp AuWBrdf hY, Auh AunHF dy hrmn-ipafry ieiqhfsk aks nfl pUrI qrHF myl KFdf hY. pRo: mfsUmI ny ies ilKq df jo anuvfd kIqf, Auh ies qrHF hY- ‘AunHF nUM keI qrHF df igafn sI, Kfs krky AunHF ny ieslfmI pSRprfvF aqy pivwqr kurfn dI ivafiKaf ivc muhfrq hfsl kr leI sI. Auh vwK-vwK Drm ivsLvfsF aqy arbI qy PfrsI dy sfihq qoN vI jfxU sn. AunHF ivisLaF ivc Auh kfPI awgy inkl gey sn. AunHF ny Aus jbr aqy jLulm nUM Kqm krn leI sMGrsL kIqf jo Aus smyN keI dysLF ivc jfrI sI. AunHF ny hwk aqy iensfP df JMzf bulMd kIqf aqy JUT qy pKSz df Kfqmf kIqf. jdoN qwk grIb aqy mf²Vy lok afpxy pYrF ‘qy nhIN KVHy ho gey, AunHF ny AunHF df sfQ idwqf. Auh AunHF swqfDfrIaF nUM kfier kihSdy sn jo afpxI qfkq dy nsLy ivc glqfn sn. Auh nykI aqy pfrsfeI dI iek imsfl sn aqy sPr krn leI hmysLf cfhvfn rihSdy sn.’ Auprokq vrnx qoN BlI-BFq pRgt hMudf hY ik ieh ibafn dyx vflf ivakqI gurU nfnk dyv jI nUM bhuq nyiVAuN jfxdf sI. ies qoN ielfvf arbI BfsLf dI iek ilKq qoN, jo sMBv qOr ‘qy gurU nfnk dyv jI dy kQn AuWqy hI afDfirq hovygI, ieh sMkyq vI imldf hY ik gurU nfnk aqy rukndIn dovyN bgLdfd qoN iekwTy ihSdusqfn af gey sn. sbMiDq arbI ilKq df anuvfd akqUbr 1969 ivc Cpy iek lyK ivc pRkfisLq hoieaf sI. bgLdfd qoN jo ilKqF imlIaF sn, Auh ies gwl dI jLordfr pRsMigk gvfhI idSdIaF hn ik gurU nfnk dyv jI bgLdfd ivc afey sn. ieh ilKqF bgLdfd dy sQfnk sroqF qoN pRfpq hoeIaF hn. pr hux bdiksmqI dI gwl ieh hY ik s: KjLfn isSG aqy s: krqfr isSG dovyN surgvfs ho cwuky hn aqy AunHF dI gLYr-mOjUdgI ivc ieh pqf lfAuxf musLikl hY ik Auh asl ilKqF ies smyN ikQy hn. s: mnjIq isSG nUM afpxy dfdf jI dy kfgjL-pwqrF ivc PfrsI ilwpI ivc keI icwTIaF aqy dsqfvyjL imly hn. AunHF nUM ies gwl df aPsos hY ik Auh iksy mfihr ivakqI dI shfieqf qoN ibnF ienHF ilKqF nUM pVH nhIN skdy. ienHF ilKqF dI cMgI qrHF GoK-pVqfl kIqI jfvy qF kuJ mhwqvpUrn soimaF df pqf lwg skdf hY.

s: krqfr isSG ny gurU nfnk dyv jI nfl sbMiDq iek hor pwQr-ilKq bfry vI sUcnf idwqI hY. Auh ilKdy hn ik ‘1920 ivc ieh gwl suxI geI sI ik gurU nfnk dyv jI dy bfry iek hor pwQr-ilKq vI hY jo sLyK abdul kfdr jIlfnI dI drgfh dy pUrb ivc QoVHy ijhy Pfsly ‘qy bgLdfd eIstrn rylvy stysLn dy pfs iek kMD ivc lwgI hoeI hY. kuJ lokF ny ieh isl dyKI sI pr bfad ivc ies df kuJ pqf nf lwgf. 1926 ivc ies nUM lwBx leI bfkfiedf muihSm clfeI geI. keI lokF ny kuJ aqf-pqf dwisaf pr Aus smyN qwk Auh kMD izwg cuwkI sI aqy pwQr-ilKq lwBI nf jf skI. ho skdf hY, svfmI anMd afcfrIaf ny iehI pwQr-ilKq dyKI hovy. anMd afcfrIaf dI kivqf ivc bihlol dfnf do pRsMigk gvfhIaF ies mnOq dI pusLtI krdIaF hn. AunHF ivcoN iek, ijs df AuWpr ijLkr kIqf igaf hY, bihlol dfnf dI vfrqf hY ijs ny gurU nfnk dy crnF ivc bYT ky rUhfnIaq df igafn hfsl kIqf aqy dunIafvI sLfno-sLOkq aqy KjLfinaF nUM Tukrf idwqf. Aus ny, gurU jI dy bgLdfd ivcoN cly jfx ipwCoN isafl dIaF swT ruwqF, AunHF dI Xfd ivc gujLfr idwqIaF. pr ies vfrqf df, bihlol dfnf dy mkbry dIaF ilKqF ivc koeI ijLkr nhIN hY. dUjy pfsy sfzy sfhmxy iek qwQ ieh vI afAuNdf hY ik ies vfrqf dy vyrvy sLfh bihlol dirafeI dy ieiqhfsk jIvn nfl myl KFdy hn. sLfh bihlol, kfdrI islisly ivc sLfh lqIPL bfrI qoN bfad hoieaf hY aqy Auh gurU nfnk dyv jI df smkflI sI. sUPLI pIrF df kfdrI islislf bfrHvIN sdI eIsvI ivc sLyK abdul kfdr jIlfnI qoN cldf hY aqy bgLdfd ivc Auh QF sLyK abdul kfdr jIlfnI dI drgfh dy nyVy hI sI. ijQy Auprokq isl dyKI geI sI. ieh isl 1920 qwk ieQy kfiem sI aqy 1926 ivc lfpqf ho geI. sLfh bihlol dirafeI 983 ihjrI ivc surgvfs hoey. bihlol dfnf dy mkbry ivc lwgI isl dI ilKq anusfr gurU nfnk dyv jI ny 917 ihjrI ivc bgLdfd dI Xfqrf kIqI sI. ies df mqlb hY ik gurU jI dI bgLdfd-Xfqrf aqy sLfh bihlol dirafeI dI mOq ivc 66 sflF df Prk hY. ihjrI sMn ikAuNik cMdrmf dy ihsfb nfl cldf hY, ies leI ihjrI sMn dy 66 sfl, isafl dIaF qkrIbn 60 ruwqF dy brfbr hI af jFdy hn. BfeI gurdfs dIaF vfrF ivc pIr dsqgIr bgLdfd ivc kfdrI islisly dy pIr nfl hoeI, gurU nfnk sfihb dI gosLt bfry sB qoN pihlF BfeI gurdfs ny afpxI pihlI vfr ivc ijLkr kIqf, ijs ivc pIr df vrnx ‘pIr dsqgIr’ vjoN kIqf igaf hY. PfrsI lPjL ‘dsqgIr’ df sLfbidk arQ ‘hwQ pkVn vflf’ hY pr ieQy ies df arQ ‘hwQ PV ky pfr Auqfrn vflf’ bxdf hY. ‘dsqgIr’ dI AupfDI siqkfr vjoN ies islisly dy bfnI sLyK abdul kfdr jIlfnI dy nFa nfl joVI geI hY jo Aus dy jfnsLInF dy nFa nfl nhIN joVnI cfhIdI. ies qrHF BfeI gurdfs, bgLdfd ivc gurU nfnk sfihb dI kfdrI pIr nfl hoeI mulfkfq dI pusLtI krdy hn. ieh jLfihr hI hY ik BfeI gurdfs df ieh vrnx gurU nfnk sfihb dy jIvn-kfl dy nyVy hI pRcilq ho geI iksy rvfieq AuWqy afDfirq hovygf. ijQoN qwk svfmI anMd afcfrIaf df svfl hY, AunHF ny sMBv qOr ‘qy gurU nfnk sfihb dI bgLdfd PyrI bfry sfrI jfxkfrI bgLdfd ivc lwgI pwQr-ilKq qoN leI hY jF afpxI bgLdfd-Xfqrf smyN AuQy bgLdfdI lokF ivc pRcilq iksy rvfieq qoN hfsl kIqI hovygI. kuJ vI hovy, ieh dovyN gvfhIaF ieiqhfs dy BrosyXog sroqF vjoN prvfn kIqIaF jf skdIaF hn. Auprokq sfrI ivcfr-crcf qoN hyT ilKy nqIjy kwZy jf skdy hn- mfrc 1917 ivc iswK POjIaF dy afAux qoN pihlF hI bgLdfd ivc gurU nfnk dyv jI dI bgLdfd-Xfqrf bfry iek qkVI sQfnk rvfieq pRcilq sI. ies smyN bgLdfd ivc gurU nfnk dyv jI nfl sbMiDq iek nhIN, sgoN do asQfn hn. pihlf, gurU nfnk asQfn, jo bgLdfd dy pwCmI rylvy stysLn qoN zyZ mIl dy Pfsly ‘qy hY aqy dUjf Auh asQfn jo sLihr qoN qkrIbn 12 mIl dUr iek pfiksqfnI sLihrI sRI abdul sLrIP ny bxfieaf sI. iek qIsrf asQfn, sLyK abdul kfdr jIlfnI dI drgfh dy nyVy sI ijQy iek kMD ivc iek hor pwQr-qKqI lwgI hoI sI. pr ieh aihm ieiqhfsk qKqI bfad ivc guMm ho geI. sQfnk rvfieq gurU nfnk dyv jI dI kyvl bgLdfd-PyrI dy qwQ nUM hI pRgt nhIN krdI, sgoN Aus dy ivsQfr sihq vyrvy vI idSdI hY. bihlol dfnf dy mkbry (gurU nfnk asQfn) dI kMD ivc lwgIaF pwQr-qKqIaF dIaF PotoaF jo 1917 aqy 1931 ivc leIaF geIaF sn, AunHF ivc cfr-quky dI dUjI sqr ivc ‘bfbf nfnk’ sLbd spwsLt rUp ivc pVHy jFdy hn. ieh sfry qwQ gurU nfnk sfihb dI bgLdfd-Xfqrf dI BrpUr gvfhI idSdy hn. ies qoN ielfvf ieh sbUq ies qoN awgy hor Koj krn leI vI surfg muhweIaf krdy hn. ieh surfg iek cMgy vsIilaF vflI Koj sMsQf df zUMGf iDafn mSgdy hn. (smfpq pRo: kulrfj isSG)

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